Western Civ
1. The Benedictine monastery was founded- The reformers there wanted to return to the basic principles of the Christian religion.
2. The power of the pope was extended at Cluny- In the 1100s and 1200s, the Church was restructured to resemble a kingdom, with the pope at its head.
3. Nearly 500 gothic cathedrals were built and decorated between 1170 and 1270- Unlike the heavy, gloomy Romanesque buildings, Gothic cathedrals thrust upward as if reaching toward heaven.
4. The Byzantine emperor appealed to the Court of Flanders for help.- The emperor asked for help against the Muslim Turks.
5. Pope Urban II issued a call for a Crusade- Shortly after this appeal, he issued a call for what he termed a "holy war," a Crusade, to gain control of the Holy Land.
6. There was an outpouring of support for the First Crusade- Pope Urban's call brought a tremendous outpouring of religious feeling and support for the Crusade.
7. Four feudal Crusades states were formed, each ruled by a European noble- The Crusaders' states were extremely vulnerable to Muslim counterattack.
8. In Spain, Isabella and Ferdinand used the Inquisition to suppress heretics- Many Jews and Muslims in Spain converted to Christianity during the late 1400s.
9. European kings strengthened their own power as a result of the Crusades- The Crusades are a forceful example of the power of the Church during the medieval period.
• simony- The selling of church offices
2. The power of the pope was extended at Cluny- In the 1100s and 1200s, the Church was restructured to resemble a kingdom, with the pope at its head.
3. Nearly 500 gothic cathedrals were built and decorated between 1170 and 1270- Unlike the heavy, gloomy Romanesque buildings, Gothic cathedrals thrust upward as if reaching toward heaven.
4. The Byzantine emperor appealed to the Court of Flanders for help.- The emperor asked for help against the Muslim Turks.
5. Pope Urban II issued a call for a Crusade- Shortly after this appeal, he issued a call for what he termed a "holy war," a Crusade, to gain control of the Holy Land.
6. There was an outpouring of support for the First Crusade- Pope Urban's call brought a tremendous outpouring of religious feeling and support for the Crusade.
7. Four feudal Crusades states were formed, each ruled by a European noble- The Crusaders' states were extremely vulnerable to Muslim counterattack.
8. In Spain, Isabella and Ferdinand used the Inquisition to suppress heretics- Many Jews and Muslims in Spain converted to Christianity during the late 1400s.
9. European kings strengthened their own power as a result of the Crusades- The Crusades are a forceful example of the power of the Church during the medieval period.
• simony- The selling of church offices
• Gothic- Of the Middle Ages; of or relating to a mysterious, grotesque, and desolate style of fiction
• Urban II- The pope that issued the crusades in 1095 CE
• Crusade- A military expedition; a campaign for a cause
• Saladin- Powerful Muslim ruler during the Third Crusade, defeated Christians at Hattin took Jerusalem
• Richard the Lion-Hearted- English king who fought Saladin in the Third Crusade
• Reconquista- The retaking of the Iberian Peninsula by Spanish forces from the Moors. It was completed in 1492.
• Inquisition- Curious
2. Which of the events of the Age of Faith do you think was most important to the Church? Explain.
MAIN IDEAS
3. What were the three main causes of the need to reform the Church?- Priest married and had families, which was against church rulings. Bishops sold positions in the church, this was called simony. Kings appointed church bishops, the church believed that the church alone should appoint bishops.
3. What were the three main causes of the need to reform the Church?- Priest married and had families, which was against church rulings. Bishops sold positions in the church, this was called simony. Kings appointed church bishops, the church believed that the church alone should appoint bishops.
4. Which Crusade was the only successful one?- The first crusade was the most successful
5. How did the goals of the Crusades change over the years?- Religious goals, such as they wanted to raid the holy land but then ended up looting Constantinople
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