Alex Smith Western Civil

1. the negative view of the dark ages became popular because of the written records had a strong Rome centric bias. The idea of the dark ages came from the renaissance scholars who viewed ancient Greece and Rome as the pinnacle of human achievement Also, they dismissed the era that followed as a dark and chaotic time with no great leader. 2. Kings and queens and other rulers drew much of their authority and power from there relationship with the church.  The rise of the strong papacy meant that European monarchs could not monopolize power. Europe lacked a large kingdom, so the medieval church grew into the most powerful institution in Europe. 3. The dominance of the church was a major reason later scholars branded the period as unlightened. Early Christian monasteries encouraged literacy and learning. One particularly influential monk of the middle ages was Benedict of Nursia, who founded the great monastery of Montecassino. His rule spread across Europe, eventually becoming th...

-  What role did the Church play in helping Clovis  conquer other Germanic peoples?-  After  CLovis  conversation, the  church  supported his military campaigns against  Germanic peoples . ... He broadened the  Church's  power to include secular affairs and spread the idea of a churchly kingdom -  What role did Pope Gregory the Great play in  spreading the idea of a vast unified kingdom?-  He broadened the authority of the papacy. -  What was important about Charles Martel's victory at the Battle of Tours?-  He prevented Eastern Europe from possibly becoming a Muslim country. -  How did Pepin the Short strengthen the Frankish kingdom?-  He fought the Lombards -  What was the importance of Charlemagne’s coronation as emperor?-  He brought the Roman Empire, Germanic power, and church together. -  How did Charlemagne govern his unified  kingdom?-  He sent out royal agents. ...

1.  Describe the internal factors that led to the collapse of the Roman empire? -  Rome did not fall in one event, it was a slow decline over many years.  Rome did not fall in one event, it was a slow decline over many years.  The  reasons for  the  fall  of the  empire it  includes military overreach, invasion by emboldened tribes of Huns and Visigoths from northern and central Europe, inflation, corruption, and political incompetence. 2.  Explain the combination of external factors that contributed to Rome's loss of power? - There were a lot of external problems that caused more power loss like attacks from other armies and factions like barbarians.  Overall the decline of the Roman military machine in effect allowed barbarians to raid trade and create political instability.  With the end of the expansion, the army was just 600,000 mouths to feed.  Empire could not maintain enough troops to support new borders. ...

inflation-  a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money mercenary-  a professional soldier hired to serve in a foreign army. Diocletian-  was a Roman emperor from 284 to 305. Born to a family of low status in Dalmatia, Diocletian rose through the ranks of the military to become a cavalry commander of the Emperor Carus's army. After the deaths of Carus and his son Numerian on campaign in Persia, Diocletian was proclaimed emperor Constantinople-  capital city of the Roman Empire, of the Eastern Roman Empire, of the brief Crusader state known as the Latin Empire and of the Ottoman Empire. Attila-  was the ruler of the Huns from 434 until his death in March 453. He was also the leader of a tribal empire consisting of Huns, Ostrogoths, and Alans among others, in Central and Eastern Europe. 3. What were the main internal causes of the empire’s decline? (use the chart in the readings to detail the causes).-  Inflation, a declin...

Jesus-  the central figure of the Christian religion. Jesus conducted a mission of preaching and healing (with reported miracles) in Palestine in about ad 28–30, which is described in the Gospels. His followers considered him to be the Christ or Messiah and the Son of God  apostle-  any important early Christian teacher, especially St. Paul.  Paul-  Biblical apostle and evangelist Paul's letters to early Christians comprise many  New Testament  books. Before converting to Christianity at  Damascus , Paul had been involved in the brutal persecution of Christians.  Diaspora-  the dispersion of the Jews beyond Israel.  Constantine-  a city in northeastern Algeria; population 462,800 (est. 2009). Formerly called Cirta, it was the capital of the Roman province of Numidia  bishop-  a senior member of the Christian clergy, usually in charge of a diocese and empowered to confer holy orders.  Peter-  one ...

civil war-  a war between citizens of the same country. Julius Caesar-  a Roman statesman and military general who played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire.   triumvirate-  a group of three men holding power, in particular, t he First Triumvirate  the unofficial coalition of Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus in 60 BC Augustus-  a Roman statesman and military leader who became the first emperor of the Roman Empire, reigning from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. Pax Romana-  the peace which existed between nationalities within the Roman Empire. 2. Which category of the Roman Empire do you feel was most significant? Why?- The working class 3. What factors contributed to the fall of the Roman Republic?-  Economic inequality, military upheaval, civil war, and the rise of Caesar. 4. What were the main reasons for the Romans’ success in controlling such a large empir...