Persian War

- How did Pericles strengthen democracy?- increased number of paid public officials and started direct democracy

- What steps did Pericles take to strengthen the

empire and glorify Athens?- Pericles used money from the Delian League treasury to make the Athenian navy the strongest. To glorify Athens he also used money from the Delian league to buy gold, ivory, and marble.

- What themes were common in Greek tragedy?- Love, hate, war, and betrayal were common in Greek tragedy. 

- What do the themes of Greek comedies suggest
about the men and women of Athens?- Showed freedom of democratic Athens, made fun of politics, respected people and ideas of the time and that women had more power over men

- What was Plato’s vision of the ideal society?- Not a democracy,3 groups: farmers, artisans, Warriors, and the ruling class

- What is the philosophic legacy of Aristotle?- questioned the nature of the world and human belief, the scientific method

direct democracy-  is a form of democracy in which all laws and policies imposed by governments are determined by the people themselves

classical art- art that follows the European academic tradition that started in the Renaissance and moved through history up until the early 1900 s. 

 tragedy- an event causing great suffering, destruction, and distress, such as a serious accident, crime, or natural catastrophe.

 comedy - professional entertainment consisting of jokes and satirical sketches, intended to make an audience laugh.

 Peloponnesian War - the war of 431–404 bc fought between Athens and Sparta with their respective allies, occasioned largely by Spartan opposition to the Delian League.

philosopher- a person engaged or learned in philosophy, especially as an academic discipline.

Socrates - ancient Athenian philosopher. As represented in the writings of his disciple Plato, he engaged in dialogue with others in an attempt to reach understanding and ethical concepts by exposing and dispelling error (the Socratic method). Charged with introducing strange gods and corrupting the young, he committed suicide as required.

Plato - Greek philosopher. A disciple of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle, he founded the Academy in Athens. His theory of “ideas” or “forms” contrasts abstract entities or universals with their objects or particulars in the material world. 

Aristotle- Greek philosopher and scientist. A student of Plato and tutor to Alexander the Great, he founded a school (the Lyceum) outside Athens. He is one of the most influential thinkers in the history of Western thought.

3. What steps did Pericles take to strengthen democracy in Athens?- He increased the number of public officials who were paid salaries. Now even the poorest citizen could serve if elected or chosen by lot.

4. What were the battle strategies of Athens and Sparta in the Peloponnesian War?- was to avoid land battles with the Spartan army and wait for an opportunity to strike Sparta and its allies from the sea. Sparta's strategy during the Peloponnesian War was to march into the Athenian territory, sweep over the countryside, and burn Athenian food supply.

5. Why do you think some Athenians found the ideas of Socrates so disturbing?- Socrates said that his teachings were good for Athens because they forced people to think about their values and actions.