Ancient history

Australopithecines	4 million to 2 million B.C.	Traits- Slender and small-brained, it had large, prominent teeth and walked upright, but had long, strong arms and curved fingers, making it adept for life in the trees.	Achievements- First to walk upright, lived in small social groups, used simple tools like sticks.
Homo habilis	2.5 million to 1.5 million BC	Larger brain than Australopithecines, smaller back teeth, long arms, about 5 foot tall.	First stone tool makers, possibly hunted for meat, lived in social groups.
Homo erectus	1.6 million BC to 30,000 BC	Larger brains than Homo habilis, tall and thin, single brow ridge, no chin, large back teeth.	First to use fire, beginnings of spoken language, clothing, better tools for hunting, nomadic.
Neanderthals	600,000 to 50,000 B.C.	Heavy slanted brows, large muscles, thick bones, brains larger than the modern humans, bulge at the back of skull, receding chin.	Built shelters, better tools (knives, blades, scrapers), herbal medicines, religious beliefs, hunted larger animals in groups, simple spoken language.
Cro-Magnons	200,000 to 50,000 B.C.	Anatomically modern humans, taller but thinner than a Neanderthals, high rounded skull and small teeth, receding brow and prominent chin.	Tools for hunting, sewing, sculpting, lived in social groups with leaders, created cave paintings, shelters using stone, wood and animal hides.

The differences between the Paleolithic Age and the Neolithic Age 

• - Between the two eras is that Neolithic era is newer than Paleolithic. 
•  - The paleolithic era is typically called the old Stone Age while the other is called the new Stone Age. 
• - Neolithic farmed in permanent settlements and raised/herded animals 

• - Paleolithic was nomadic; in groups of up to 50 and were hunters and gatherers 
• - Paleolithic people were taller and lived longer than Neolithic people. 
• - Neolithic had polished stone tools and Paleolithic had chipped stone and wooden tools. 

Paleontology - With this, it pays attention to animal and plant fossils that were once thriving on the planet. It is common knowledge to many that paleontologists are the ones who closely study dinosaurs and the like.

Archaeology- Studying the cultures and remains of human beings in the past. So, it is basically studying prehistoric lifestyles. 

Paleontologists- They try to figure out how the environment of the earth was in the past by looking at what was living at different places at different times, and how changes in the environments changed the things that lived there, among many other things. 

Donald Carl Johansson is an American paleoanthropologist. Also, the Leakey family of anthropologists whose work at Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania and elsewhere revealed that humans probably first evolved in Africa. Their discoveries of hominid footprints and “Lucy” were important because it proved that human life had appeared sooner than believed.   

Artifact- Something observed in a scientific investigation or experiment that is not naturally present but occurs as a result of the preparative or investigative procedure. 

Culture- the arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively. 

Hominid- A primate of a family (Hominidae) that includes humans and their fossil ancestors and also (in recent systems) at least some of the great apes. 

Paleolithic age- The Paleolithic Era or the Old Stone Age is a period of prehistory from about 2.6 million years ago to around 10000 years ago.

Neolithic age- The period marks the beginning of plant cultivation and domestication of animals by humans.

Technology- During the growth of the ancient civilizations, ancient technology was the result from advances in engineering in ancient times. These advances in the history of technology stimulated societies to adopt new ways of living and governance. 

Homo sapiens-The primate species to which modern humans belong; humans regarded as a species. 

Which advance by a hominid group do you think was the most significant? Hominids are large tailless intelligent social primates. Hominids can use tools. Hominids use their hands, even if some species usually walk on all fours. Hominids have two incisors, one canine, two premolars. 

What clues do bones and artifacts give about early peoples- Their body types, their culture, causes of death, brain mass, if they were ancestors of humans 

What were the major achievements in human history during the Old Stone Age? Was the invention of tools. They used tools to hunt for food.